Filing a VA disability claim can feel overwhelming, but knowing what to expect can make the process smoother. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) follows a structured, multi-step process to determine a veteran’s eligibility for benefits.
While processing times vary, most claims take between three to six months, with appeals sometimes taking longer.
Let’s break down each step of the process so you know what to expect.
Submission
The first step is submitting a claim. Veterans can file online, by mail, or in person at a VA office. Once the claim is received, the VA sends a confirmation letter within one to two weeks. This letter acknowledges the claim and establishes the effective date for benefits if approved.
Initial Review
Once the claim is submitted, the VA begins an initial review. This involves checking for missing information, verifying eligibility, and ensuring all necessary documentation is included. If additional records are needed, the VA will request:
- Service records
- Medical records from VA or private doctors
- Personal statements describing the disability
At this stage, veterans may also be asked to attend a Compensation & Pension (C&P) exam.
C&P Exam
A Compensation & Pension exam is a medical evaluation conducted by a VA doctor or an approved provider. The goal is to assess the severity of the veteran’s disability.
This step is crucial because it helps determine the disability rating. Missing this exam can delay the claim or result in an unfavorable decision.
Evidence Review
After collecting all required documents and medical evaluations, the VA reviews the evidence. A VA rating specialist examines:
- Medical records
- C&P exam results
- Service history
Based on this information, the VA assigns a disability rating between 0% and 100%. This rating determines the amount of monthly compensation the veteran will receive.
Final Review
Once a rating decision is made, the claim goes through a final quality check to ensure accuracy. Veterans then receive a Rating Decision Letter, explaining:
- The assigned disability rating
- Monthly compensation amount
- Reasons for approval or denial
If the claim is approved, the first payment typically arrives within 15 days via direct deposit or mail.
Appeals Process
If a claim is denied or the veteran receives a lower rating than expected, they have the right to appeal within one year. There are three main appeal options:
- Higher-Level Review – A senior reviewer re-examines the claim for errors or overlooked evidence.
- Supplemental Claim – Veterans can submit new evidence to support their case.
- Board of Veterans’ Appeals – A judge reviews the claim and holds a hearing if requested.
Appeals can take several months to years, depending on the level of review. Veterans with Fully Developed Claims (FDCs)—meaning they submit complete medical records upfront—often receive decisions faster.
Seeking Assistance
Navigating the VA disability claim process can be complex. Seeking help from a Veterans Service Officer (VSO) or an accredited representative can improve the chances of a successful claim or appeal. These professionals assist with paperwork, gathering evidence, and knowing VA decisions.
Filing a VA disability claim is a detailed process, but knowing each step helps veterans take control of their benefits. Whether filing a new claim or appealing a decision, patience and persistence are key.
FAQs
How long does a VA claim take?
Most claims take 3-6 months, while appeals can take longer.
What happens if I miss my C&P exam?
Missing a C&P exam can delay or negatively affect your claim.
Can I speed up my VA claim?
Submitting a Fully Developed Claim (FDC) can lead to faster decisions.
What if my claim is denied?
You can appeal within one year through different review options.
Do I need a lawyer for a VA claim?
Not required, but a VSO or accredited representative can help.
